Heath Systems and Research Ethics

The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study.

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Abstract Background: There are a paucity of data on epistaxis as it pertains to sickle cell anaemia. Some case studies suggest epistaxis to be a significant complication in patients with sickle cell anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa; however, no robust studies have sought to establish the epidemiology or pathophysiology of this phenomenon. Methods: We conducted a case-control study […]

The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study. Read More »

Rapid Serological Tests Ineffectively Screen for Hiv Exposure in Hiv-Positive Infants.

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Abstract Background: Data on the performance and utility of rapid serological tests in infants to determine HIV exposure are unclear and in some instances contradictory. This study sought to understand the performance of rapid serological tests in high HIV burden, high Option B+ coverage settings to be used as an HIV exposure screening tool. Methods: A total

Rapid Serological Tests Ineffectively Screen for Hiv Exposure in Hiv-Positive Infants. Read More »

Assessment of Myocardial Function and Injury by Echocardiography and Cardiac Biomarkers in African Children With Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria.

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Abstract Objectives: Perturbed hemodynamic function complicates severe malaria. The Fluid Expansion as Supportive Therapy trial demonstrated that fluid resuscitation, involving children with severe malaria, was associated with increased mortality, primarily due to cardiovascular collapse, suggesting that myocardial dysfunction may have a role. The aim of this study was to characterize cardiac function in children with severe

Assessment of Myocardial Function and Injury by Echocardiography and Cardiac Biomarkers in African Children With Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria. Read More »

Realizing effectiveness across continents with hydroxyurea: Enrollment and baseline characteristics of the multicenter REACH study in Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Abstract Despite its well-described safety and efficacy in the treatment of sickle cell anemia (SCA) in high-income settings, hydroxyurea remains largely unavailable in sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 75% of annual SCA births occur and many comorbidities exist. Realizing Effectiveness Across Continents with Hydroxyurea (REACH, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01966731) is a prospective, Phase I/II open-label trial of hydroxyurea

Realizing effectiveness across continents with hydroxyurea: Enrollment and baseline characteristics of the multicenter REACH study in Sub-Saharan Africa. Read More »

Children’s Oxygen Administration Strategies Trial (COAST): A randomised controlled trial of high flow versus oxygen versus control in African children with severe pneumonia.

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Abstract Background: In Africa, the clinical syndrome of pneumonia remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children in the post-neonatal period. This represents a significant burden on in-patient services. The targeted use of oxygen and simple, non-invasive methods of respiratory support may be a highly cost-effective means of improving outcome, but the optimal oxygen

Children’s Oxygen Administration Strategies Trial (COAST): A randomised controlled trial of high flow versus oxygen versus control in African children with severe pneumonia. Read More »

Reagent Strips as an Aid to Diagnosis of Neonatal Meningitis in a Resource-limited Setting.

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Abstract Background: Without early recognition and treatment, neonatal meningitis (NM) has a high mortality and morbidity. Although some neonates have features of NM, many do not. In many low-resource settings, the laboratory support to diagnose NM is not available, and bedside diagnostics are needed. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a neonatal unit in Uganda. Clear

Reagent Strips as an Aid to Diagnosis of Neonatal Meningitis in a Resource-limited Setting. Read More »

Where have all the children gone? High HIV prevalence in infants attending nutrition and inpatient entry points.

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Abstract Introduction: Despite notable progress towards PMTCT, only 50% of HIV-exposed infants in sub-Saharan Africa were tested within the first 2 months of life and only 30% of HIV-infected infants are on antiretroviral treatment. This study assessed HIV prevalence in infants and children receiving care at various service entry points in primary healthcare facilities in Uganda.

Where have all the children gone? High HIV prevalence in infants attending nutrition and inpatient entry points. Read More »

Lactate clearance as a prognostic marker of mortality in severely ill febrile children in East Africa.

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Abstract Introduction: Despite notable progress towards PMTCT, only 50% of HIV-exposed infants in sub-Saharan Africa were tested within the first 2 months of life and only 30% of HIV-infected infants are on antiretroviral treatment. This study assessed HIV prevalence in infants and children receiving care at various service entry points in primary healthcare facilities in Uganda.

Lactate clearance as a prognostic marker of mortality in severely ill febrile children in East Africa. Read More »

Staged implementation of a two-tiered hospital-based neonatal care package in a resource-limited setting in Eastern Uganda.

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Abstract Neonatal mortality remains a major global challenge. Most neonatal deaths occur in low-income countries, but it is estimated that over two-thirds of these deaths could be prevented if achievable interventions are scaled up. To date, initiatives have focused on community and obstetric interventions, and there has been limited simultaneous drive to improve neonatal care

Staged implementation of a two-tiered hospital-based neonatal care package in a resource-limited setting in Eastern Uganda. Read More »